@Article{FigueiredoWVTONSPS:2023:DaMeSc,
               author = "Figueiredo, Cosme Alexandre Oliveira Barros and Wrasse, Cristiano 
                         Max and Vadas, S. and Takahashi, Hisao and Otsuka, Y. and Nyassor, 
                         Prosper Kwamla and Shiokawa, K. and Paulino, I. and Silva, Diego 
                         Barros",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Northwest Research 
                         Associates} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} 
                         and {Nagoya University} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)} and {Nagoya University} and {Universidade 
                         Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Daytime Medium Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDS) 
                         Over the Andes Mountains at Equatorial and Low Magnetic 
                         Latitudes",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics",
                 year = "2023",
               volume = "128",
               number = "10",
                pages = "e2023JA031477",
                month = "Oct.",
             keywords = "detrended TEC, the Andes Mountains, traveling ionospheric 
                         disturbances.",
             abstract = "We analyze daytime quiet-time MSTIDs between 2013 and 2015 at the 
                         geomagnetic equatorial and low latitude regions of the Chilean and 
                         Argentinian Andes using keograms of detrended total electron 
                         content (dTEC). The MSTIDs had a higher occurrence rate at 
                         geomagnetic equatorial latitudes in the June solstice (winter) and 
                         spring (SON). The propagation directions changed with the season: 
                         summer (DJF) [southeast, south, southwest, and west], winter (JJA) 
                         [north and northeast], and equinoxes [north, northeast, south, 
                         southwest, and west]. In addition, the MSTIDs at low latitudes 
                         observed between 8:00 and 12:00 UT occur more often during the 
                         December solstice and propagate northwestward and northeastward. 
                         After 12:00 UT, they are mostly observed in the equinoxes and June 
                         solstice. Their predominant propagation directions depend on the 
                         season: summer (all directions with a preference for 
                         northeastward), autumn (MAM) [north and northeast], winter (north 
                         and northeast), and spring (north, northeast, and southwest). The 
                         MSTID propagation direction at different latitudes was explained 
                         by the location of the possible sources. Besides, we calculated 
                         MSTIDs parameters at geomagnetic low latitudes over the Andes 
                         Mountains and compared them with those estimated at the 
                         geomagnetic equatorial latitudes. We found that the former is 
                         smaller on average than the latter. Also, our observations 
                         validate recent model results obtained during geomagnetically 
                         quiet-time as well as daytime MSTIDs during winter over the south 
                         of South America. These results suggest that secondary or 
                         high-order gravity waves (GWs) from orographic forcing are the 
                         most likely source of these MSTIDs.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2023JA031477",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2023JA031477",
                 issn = "2169-9402",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "JGR Space Physics - 2023 - Figueiredo - Daytime Medium Scale 
                         Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances MSTIDS Over the Andes.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "02 maio 2024"
}